How to properly file a lost baggage report (PIR), how long the airline has to search, what to do if your baggage is not found, and how to get compensation.

Your suitcase didnt appear on the baggage carousel and now youre standing there worried. This is a very common problem and there is a standard procedure you need to follow immediately.

Dont leave the airport without reporting the issue. Go straight to the airline baggage service desk, which is usually near the arrival area. Tell them your bag is missing and ask to fill out a Property Irregularity Report, also called PIR. This is the official document with your unique reference number. Be as detailed as possible when describing your luggage, its color, size, brand, and any special features. If you have a photo of the bag on your phone, show it to them.

After filing the PIR, ask how long they expect to search for your bag and how they will deliver it once found. Most airlines deliver delayed baggage directly to your hotel or home address at no extra cost. Make sure to keep the PIR number safe because you will need it for every follow-up call or email.

Airlines usually have up to 21 days to locate your baggage. During this time you should keep in contact with them using the reference number. If after 21 days your bag is still missing, it is considered lost and you can start the compensation process.

While waiting, save all receipts for essential items you have to buy, such as clothes, underwear, toiletries or medicines. These expenses can be claimed later as interim relief. However, dont buy expensive things immediately, stick to reasonable necessities.

If the bag is eventually declared lost, you will need to submit a formal claim for compensation. The amount depends on international rules, but it can reach several hundred or even thousands of dollars depending on the convention that applies to your flight. Submit copies of your PIR, boarding pass, and all receipts.

Be patient but persistent. Keep records of every conversation and email with the airline. Sometimes it takes time and several follow-ups before you receive proper compensation.

The most important rule is to report the missing baggage before you leave the airport. If you walk out without filing the PIR, it becomes much harder to claim anything later.